Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Colorectal Cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the colon or rectum. It is sometimes
called colon cancer or rectal cancer, depending on where it starts.

Risk factors include age (younger individuals are being diagnosed less than the age of
50), a family history of colorectal cancer, certain genetic conditions, personal history of
polyps or inflammatory bowel disease, diet, lifestyle factors, and certain racial and ethnic
backgrounds.

Symptoms may include changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool, abdominal
discomfort, weakness or fatigue, and unexplained weight loss. Early stages may not
show symptoms, which is why screening is important.

Preventive measures include regular screening tests, maintaining a healthy diet, regular
physical activity, avoiding smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption.

Screening options include colonoscopy, stool tests (such as fecal immunochemical test
or FIT), sigmoidoscopy, and CT colonography. Your doctor can recommend the best
screening method for you.

Most guidelines recommend starting screening at age 45 for average-risk individuals.
However, those with higher risk factors may need to start earlier. Consult your healthcare
provider for personalized recommendations.

Colorectal cancer is typically staged from 0 to 4. Stage 0 is the earliest, where cancer is
confined to the inner layer of the colon or rectum. Stage 4 is the most advanced, where
cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted
therapy, or a combination of these. The choice of treatment depends on the stage of
cancer and the patient's overall health.

The prognosis varies depending on the stage at diagnosis. Early-stage colorectal cancer
has a higher chance of successful treatment, while advanced stages may require more
complex treatment and have a lower survival rate. Regular screenings and early
detection improve prognosis.

Providing emotional support, helping with daily tasks, accompanying them to medical
appointments, encouraging healthy lifestyle choices, and staying informed about the
disease are some ways to support someone with colorectal cancer.